Diseases & Conditions

Yellow fever is an acute viral haemorrhagic disease caused by the yellow fever virus, transmitted to humans through the bites of infected Aedes and Haemagogus mosquitoes. Nigeria is endemic for yellow fever and has experienced significant outbreaks in recent years, including major epidemics in 2017–2018 that affected multiple states. The disease gets its name from the jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes) that affects some patients. While most people recover from initial infection, approximately 15% progress to a severe and often fatal second phase of illness. A highly effective vaccine exists and is the cornerstone of yellow fever prevention. Nigeria requires proof of yellow fever vaccination for international travel.